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Author : Shaikh Baqar Ali Chirkeen

Editor : Mohammad Rafi Khan

Publisher : Hindustani Press, Lucknow

Year of Publication : 1925

Language : Urdu

Categories : Poetry

Sub Categories : Intikhab

Pages : 35

Contributor : Aslam Mahmood

intekhab deewan-e-chirkin
For any query/comment related to this ebook, please contact us at haidar.ali@rekhta.org

About The Book

"دیوان چرکین" دیکھ کر یقینی طور پر ہر نوجوان کی آنکھیں خیرہ ہو جاتی ہیں۔ کیوں کہ ہم میں سے سب نے اپنے بچپن میں ایک دو اشعار ضرور سن رکھے ہونگے جس سے اس کے اور اشعار سننے کا ذوق پیدا ہوا ہوگا مگر اس کی پوری شاعری کو پڑھنے کی طرف توجہ نہ جا سکی ہوگی۔ عام طور پر چرکین کی شاعری کو فحاشی سے تعبیر کیا جاتا رہا ہے حالانکہ اگر ہم کلاسیکی عربی شاعری کا مطالعہ کریں تو اسے ام الفحاشی کہنا زیادہ مناسب ہوگا۔مگر اتنی غلاظت کے باوجود اس شاعری کو ادب عالیہ کا نمونہ سمجھ کر پڑھا اور پڑھایا جاتا ہے۔امرءالقیس کی شاعری لاکھ محاشی ہو مگر عربک لٹریچر کا اعلی نمونہ شمار کی جاتی ہے۔ اسی طرح جب ہم فارسی شاعری کا مطالعہ کرتے ہیں تو جامی جیسے صوفی لوگ فحاشی سے نہیں بچ پاتےاور جب ہم سبک ہندی کا مطالعہ کرتے کرتے اورنگزیب کے عہد تک آتے ہیں تو جعفر زٹلی کا نام ہمارے سامنے آتا ہے جس کی شاعری اگر ایک طرف اردو فارسی شاعری کا بہترین امتزاج ہے اور جہاں وہ اردو فارسی کی آمیزش کچھ اس انداز میں کرتا ہے کہ : کشتی جعفر زٹلی در بھنور افتادہ است/ ڈبکوں ڈبکوں می کند در ایک لحظہ پار کن۔ وہیں اس نے ہجویات میں وہ فحش نگاری کا مظاہرہ کیا ہے کہ چرکین کی شاعری شرما جائے۔ جعفر کا" گنڈمروا نامہ" اور "ہجو در عصمت النسا بیگم" اس کی فحش نگاری کی اعلی مثال ہیں۔ ہمیں اس جیسی شاعری میں ادب دیکھنا چاہئے ناکہ چند اعضائے جسم کی وجہ سے اس کو یکسر متروک و مردود قرار دے دیا جانا چاہئے۔ چرکین ہو یا جعفر زٹلی یا امرء القیس ان سب کی شاعری میں جدت خیالات اور ندرت مضامین کی بھرمار ہے۔ استعاروں کا نادر استعمال یقینا شاعر کو داد دئے بغیر نہیں رہتا۔ ایک بار جعفر زٹلی میرزا بیدل دہلوی کے پاس آیا اور اس نے مصرع پڑھا کہ ( چہ عرفی چہ فیضی ہمہ بہ پیش توفش) بیدل نے صلہ نکالا اور دے کر چلتا کیا مصاحبوں نے کہا کہ حضرت پڑھنے دیجئے دیکھتے ہیں "فش" کا قافیہ کیا لاتے ہیں۔ تو چرکین کی شاعری اور اس کا دیوان بھی ندرت مضامین سے مالا مال ہے اور جدت طبع اور استعاروں کا بر محل استعمال یقینا تعریف کے لائق ۔ اگر ہم امرء القیس کو عربی شاعری میں برداشت کر لیتے ہیں تو چرکین کی شاعری اردو میں کیوں نہیں برداشت کی جا سکتی۔ زیر نظر، دیوان سے انتخاب ہے۔

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About The Author

Sheikh Baqar Ali ‘Chirkeen’ the urdu poet who became symbol of scatology in urdu shayari, is one of the lesser known greats of urdu poetry. His poetry was unique, innovative and interesting but has been neglected by people terming it to be obscene. His boldness earned him the wrath of the literati of those times, had it not been for a few brave souls, his works would have been lost a long time ago. Chirkeen’s poetry focuses on those aspects of life from which others generally refrain.

Chirkeen was born in qasba Rudauli of Barabaki District but spent most of his life in Lucknow that is why he is better known as Chirkeen Lucknavi. His father was Fazal Ali who lived in mohallah, Khwaja Hall in Rudauli. He was born in 1797, lived a short life of about 36 years and died in 1832.

His mentor ‘Nawab Aashoor Ali Khan’ of Lucknow, a poet himself encouraged upcoming shayars and participated in their gatherings. He groomed many of his pupil but only two of them ‘Baqr Ali Chirkeen’ and ‘Meer Yaar Ali Jaan Saheb’ became popular. It is said that Chikeen initially wrote normal poetry but some people used to copy his poetry and recited in mushairas claiming Chikeen’s work to be theirs. Angered by it Chirkeen started to compose such poetry which nobody would dare to copy. After that he composed poetry which invariably contained such words which were felt un-acceptable in society.

Chirkeen’s poetry generally evokes two kinds of reactions. The first is outright disapproval, and this behavior is generally observed amongst those who consider themselves civilized. Then there are those, who relish the not-so-nice mode of expression. According to ‘Shams-ur-Rehman Farooqi’, a famous critic, when it comes to Chirkeen’s poetry, people confuse its form for the content. According to Farooqi, the so-called obscenity is not in the poetry per se; rather, it is in the mind of the reader. Thus, in Farooqi’s view, terms such as uncivilized, vulgar and obscene are themselves subject to interpretation.

Chirkeen was on the rise at the time when stalwarts like ‘Haider Ali Aatish’, ‘Mushafi’, ‘Nasekh’, ‘Meer Khleeq’’, ‘Salamat Ali Dabeer’, ‘Barq Lucknavi’, ‘Daya Shankar Naseem’ , ‘Khwaja Meer Wazir’, ‘Sayed Mohd. Khan Rind’, ‘Wazir Ali Saba’ were active in literary circles of Lucknow. His language is same as that of Aatish, Nasekh and Mushafi and utilization of idioms and vocabulary in poetry is same that was prevailing in Lucknow at that time.

There is hardly any poet who talks about his beloved in a manner that makes her seem like a real person, just as imperfect and prone to the vagaries of life like the rest of us but Chikeen chose to depict it in his own mode of expression boldly.  He rarely, if ever, used sexual content in his verses but scat and toiletry are the symbol of his poetry. A delicate satire and humor is found in his work. His subject may be dirty but his love for natural beauty in totality and the technical perfection of his poetry is worth appreciation by a neutral person.

“Diwan-e-Chirkeen” was first published by ‘Sayed Maqsood Aalam’ 25 years after the death of Chirkeen. Diwan-e-Chirkeen and “Chirkeen Nama” consisting of 15 ghazals has been published several times by different publishers.

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For any query/comment related to this ebook, please contact us at haidar.ali@rekhta.org

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